Why Moths Are Attracted to Clothes: Understanding the Lurking Threat

Moths, and in particular, their larvae, are known culprits behind the damage to clothes and textiles. While adult moths primarily feed on nectar, it is their hungry larvae that can cause extensive damage to fabrics, especially those containing natural fibers. This article explores the reasons behind why moths are attracted to clothes and how to prevent such infestations.

Understanding Moth Biology: The Lifespan of a Moth

Most moth species do not consume clothes. Rather, it is the larvae of certain moth species that are responsible for the damage, such as the wool moth (Tineola bisselliella) and its relatives. Adult moths do not have functional mouths, making them incapable of consuming fabrics. Instead, the larvae feed on natural fibers present in clothing, carpets, and other textiles, creating the familiar holes and damage.

Food Sources for Moth Larvae

Moth larvae are particularly attracted to clothes due to two primary reasons: food and shelter. These larvae are opportunistic feeders and are drawn to natural fiber fabrics such as wool, silk, and cotton. These fibers contain keratin, a protein that serves as a readily available food source for moth larvae. Additionally, they are more likely to be found in clothes that have been worn, as these may contain sweat, skin oils, and food particles, further enriching their nutritional profile.

Shelter and Infestations

Moth larvae require a specific environment to thrive. They prefer dark, undisturbed areas, making closets, drawers, and storage bins ideal habitats. Moths lay their eggs in these areas, and the larvae develop away from the eyes of humans. It is essential to maintain a clean and organized storage area to minimize the risk of an infestation.

Preventing Moth Infestations

To prevent moth infestations, homeowners should take several preventative measures. Keeping clothes clean is a crucial first step. Regular washing and dry cleaning can remove any residual moisture and organic matter that could attract larvae. Storing items in airtight containers can protect fabrics from various pests, including moths. Using natural moth repellents such as cedar oil or lavender can also help deter these pests. Additionally, regularly inspecting clothing and stored fabrics for any signs of infestation can help catch and address the problem early.

Evolution and Adaptation

While moths play a crucial role in the ecosystem as pollinators, they have also evolved to exploit their environment. Some moth species have adapted to eat animal fibers, which are used in making certain clothes. This adaptation is due to their evolutionary past when they fed on the feathers and animal debris found in bird nests. It is understandable that any interaction with clothing can seem disconcerting, but it is the larvae, rather than the adult moths, that poses the threat.

There are over 12,000 species of moths in North America, and only a few are known to cause damage to clothes. Two common species in North America are the casemaking clothes moth and the webbing clothes moth. These moths lay their eggs on fabrics, and the larvae that hatch will feed on natural fibers, causing significant damage over time if unchecked.