Why Do We Refer to God as 'He'? An Exploration of Religious Language and Gender

Monoteric religions such as Islam, Judaism, and non-Trinitarian Christianity share a core belief in a single God. However, the use of masculine pronouns when referring to the divine has long been a subject of debate and reflection. This article delves into the reasons behind the traditional use of He to refer to God, the evolution of religious language, and the trend towards more inclusive forms of address.

Religious Monotheism and Divine Unity

Monotheistic faiths such as Islam, Judaism, and non-Trinitarian Christianity emphasize the concept of Divine Unity. They believe in one God, not two, three, or any composite form. The use of the masculine pronoun 'He' in the English language can be seen as a manifestation of this singular and absolute unity. For instance:

The third person singular male pronoun in English is 'He.' Using 'They' would imply a plurality, which is inconsistent with the belief in a single, indivisible God.

Scriptural references in the Bible also use third-person singular male pronouns when referring to God, highlighting the traditional gendered language associated with the divine.

Ambiguity and Plurality: Divine Names and Pronouns

Monotheistic religious texts often use inherently plural names for God, such as 'Allah' or 'Yahweh.' For instance, in the Arabic language, 'Allah' serves as a singular, personal name of God. At the same time, there is a tradition of referring to God using plural pronouns, known as Nin-literal use, which can be attributed to Polytheistic influences in the past:

Allah the Arabic teteragrammation is the personal proper noun of the only God 'G-d.'

Some argue that the use of these plural pronouns amidst a singular God’s name is a reference to divine unity and majesty, maintaining the idea of an absolute and indivisible oneness.

Evolution of Religious Language and Gender-Inclusive Pronouns

The use of He to refer to God has faced challenges over time, with advocates for gender-inclusive language seeking alternative approaches to address the inherent bias in traditional religious texts. For example:

Your question: 'Why do we always refer to God as 'He'? 'I do not include myself in your framing of 'we'. Neither would the majority of non-sexist, normal people.

Alternative approaches include:

Using the pronoun 'They' to avoid gender-specific references. Inclusive pronouns like 'Everyone' or 'One.' Changing religious texts to use gender-neutral language.

These efforts reflect a growing awareness of the importance of inclusive language in our increasingly diverse global society. Advocates believe that by making religious texts more inclusive, they can better reflect the values and beliefs of modern communities.

Shaping a More Inclusive Religious Discourse

The debate over gender-neutral language for God is not just about linguistic change; it reflects broader societal shifts towards inclusivity and equality. Efforts to revise religious texts to use more inclusive language are essential in ensuring that these texts resonate with contemporary audiences.

Prehistoric misogyny and the role of human imagination in shaping religious concepts are also important considerations.

Jerusalem-based scholars, such as Daniel Boyarin, argue that monotheistic concepts evolved from prehistoric sexist influences. This perspective highlights the need for continued reflection and reform in religious language, recognizing the ongoing influence of past cultural norms on current beliefs.

Conclusion

The use of the masculine pronoun to refer to God has deep roots in religious tradition but is now facing scrutiny and change. By understanding the historical and cultural context behind this practice, we can better appreciate the ongoing dialogue around the language of religion. The evolving nature of religious discourse reflects the dynamic and inclusive world in which we live. As we move forward, embracing more inclusive religious language can contribute to a more equitable and expansive spiritual understanding for all.