Introduction

The question of whether Les Miserables (Les Mis) should be classified as a musical or an opera is a widely debated topic among theater enthusiasts and professionals. The dividing line between the two is often unclear, leading to confusion and differing opinions. This article aims to clarify the distinction by examining the characteristics that define Les Miserables as a musical and why it falls short of being classified as an opera.

Musical Style and Structure

The term musical refers to a dramatic work in which music plays a central role. Les Miserables is a quintessential example of a musical, with a rich and complex score that intertwines with the narrative. Unlike a traditional opera, where singing is the primary form of expression, Les Miserables incorporates a blend of singing, speaking, and musical numbers. This blend is a hallmark of the musical genre and one of the reasons why it is not classified as an opera.

Vocal Techniques and Delivery

An important factor in determining the classification of a work is the vocal techniques employed. Operas typically require highly trained singers who can sustain long, demanding arias and ensembles. Les Miserables, while featuring some impressive vocal performances, also includes dialogue and spoken sections. The vocal delivery in Les Miserables is influenced by both the characters’ emotions and the narrative demands, making it a more diverse and versatile form of performance.

Dialogue and Narrative

The inclusion of dialogue in Les Miserables is another key distinction from operas. Musicals often mix singing with spoken dialogue, creating a more natural and realistic portrayal of characters and their relationships. This dialogue not only advances the plot but also adds layers of depth to the characters. In contrast, traditional operas typically avoid spoken dialogue to maintain the purity and focus of the musical elements.

Themes and Accessibility

Les Miserables is recognized for its wide range of themes and its ability to engage a broad audience. The play is accessible to viewers who may not be familiar with the intricacies of operatic performance. Its blend of music, dialogue, and powerful storytelling makes it approachable and relatable. Operas, on the other hand, often require a certain level of musical knowledge and appreciation from the audience, which can be a barrier for newcomers.

Production Style and Staging

The staging and production elements of Les Miserables are crucial to its classification as a musical. The production often includes elaborate sets, costumes, and visual effects, which are integrated with the musical numbers to enhance the immersive experience. This is a distinguishing feature from many operas, which are more focused on the arias and ensembles without extensive visual aids.

Defining Characteristics of Musical vs. Opera

Several key definitions differentiate a musical from an opera. One common flaw is the assumption that operas should have no spoken dialogue, while many musicals incorporate it. Another misconception is that operas cannot use amplification, which is not a defining feature. The professional community's consensus is a practical approach: something is an opera if professional opera performers think it is an opera. Les Miserables, while highly regarded, does not meet this criterion within the opera community.

In short, while Les Miserables shares some operatic elements, its classification as a musical is based on its unique blend of singing, speaking, and storytelling. It is a multifaceted work that appeals to both operatic and musical theater enthusiasts. Understanding the distinctions helps in appreciating the art form in all its complexity.

Conclusion

Les Mis is a masterful example of a work that bridges the gap between musical theater and opera, making it a unique and beloved piece of the theatrical world. Its rich storyline, diverse characters, and innovative approach to storytelling make it a must-see for theatergoers. Whether you call it a musical or an opera, its enduring popularity and impact are undeniable, making it a significant part of the theatrical legacy.