Understanding Japanese Culture: Taboos and Customs for Foreigners
When visiting Japan, there are certain taboos and customs that foreigners should be aware of to ensure a smooth and respectful experience. Traditional Japanese etiquette is highly valued, and even though many Japanese are forgiving of cultural misunderstandings, some customs and taboos are best avoided to maintain harmony.
Common Taboos and Customs to Avoid
Speaking Louder than Necessary: Speaking in a loud voice, especially on public transportation such as trains, is seen as rude. This includes using a phone with the speaker volume on. Japanese trains are often very crowded, and everyone must be able to communicate quietly without disturbing others.
Chopstick Etiquette: Sticking chopsticks upright in the rice is a commonly seen mishap but is actually a grave insult. This gesture is associated with rituals connected with death. Ensure you place your chopsticks neatly on the chopstick rest or on the side of your bowl.
Stepping on Shrine and Temple Boundaries: At shrines and temples, it is considered rude to step on the Shikii, which is often seen on the ground near the entrance. Instead, take a small step back and bow as a sign of respect. The same applies to stepping on or crossing the path inside the building.
Towel Etiquette: Using a towel in the bathtub or leaving it in the toilet can also be seen as a sign of rudeness. Japanese prefer to use a washcloth or a separate towel specifically for the bathtub.
Wearing Tattoos in Public: In Japan, tattoos are often associated with yakuza (organized crime) and are therefore considered taboo. If you have a tattoo, it's advisable to cover it with long sleeves or something similar, especially in public places like bathing establishments or formal events.
Throwing Garbage on the Street: Littering is strictly forbidden and can result in fines. Keep your garbage with you and dispose of it properly. Convenience stores often have trash bins for customers to use.
Misconduct and Cultural Norms
Some common behaviors are considered annoyances rather than taboos. For example, not queuing can be seen as inconsiderate. Queueing often requires standing to the left and walking to the right on escalators, depending on which region you're in. In Tokyo, escalators have color-coded markings to indicate where to stand and walk, while other regions, like Kansai, are opposite.
Legal Drinking Age: The legal drinking age in Japan is 20. Unlike in America, it is acceptable to consume alcohol on trains and in the park, though drunk driving is strictly illegal. Passengers on the train can also be fined if they allow an intoxicated person to drive.
Shrines and Temples: When visiting shrines or temples, be mindful of your attire. Revealing clothing such as singlets or halter-tops should be avoided, as should behaviors that might be deemed disrespectful. Wearing a mask is also becoming increasingly common and is a sign of respect and caring during the flu season.
Respect and Awareness
Japanese culture is about respect: respect for family, elders, and even for nature, which is central in many of their customs and beliefs. Some of the taboos and customs, like removing shoes before entering a home, or using earphones on public transportation, are there to maintain this respect.
Additionally, tipping is not a part of Japanese culture. Waiters and other service workers are well-compensated and do not rely on tips to earn a living. Therefore, leaving a tip at a restaurant may not be appreciated and can be seen as patronizing.
Conclusion
Understanding and respecting Japanese customs and taboos is key to enjoying a pleasant and safe trip to Japan. Even minor cultural differences can turn into significant faux pas without a proper understanding. It's all about maintaining a culture of respect, harmony, and consideration for others.