Understanding God’s Justice in the Old Testament
The question of why some perceive God as seemingly evil in the Old Testament, while others, including myself, see Him as a loving God through the lens of the New Testament, is a profound and multifaceted one. This essay aims to explore the complexities and present a balanced viewpoint.
My Perspective on the Old Testament
I do not believe that the Old Testament contains evil. In fact, the Bible as a whole is the Word of God, and as such, cannot be perceived as inherently evil. The reflections of human leaders and judges, including those associated with the Mosaic Law, are often the source of confusion. The ancient leaders, who were human, can be responsible for projecting their own biases, fears, and human limitations onto their interpretation of God's law.
It is particularly important to focus on the distinctions made in the Old Testament, such as the racial segregation and the distinction between the Jewish people and the Gentiles, which many have criticized as being against the loving nature of God. However, the New Testament, with its Messianic Law, offers a clearer and more inclusive vision. In the New Testament, we see the 'evil' walls of hostility, especially between the Jewish and Gentile peoples, being dismantled through Christ's teachings and actions.
Reading into the Prophets
It is essential to read the Old Testament through the lens of its prophetic books, which provide profound insights. Many common misunderstandings arise from a superficial or selective reading of the text. For example, the minor prophets, who like the major prophets, prophesy about God’s judgment on the nation of Israel. However, these prophecies often end on a note of hope and restoration.
For instance, the book of Ezekiel (chapters 34-37) prophecies about the restoration of Israel and renewed covenant. Ezekiel 37:21-28 envisions David ruling as king over Israel, a future of prosperity, and the lifting of curses, as described in Isaiah 11 and 35. These prophecies emphasize God's enduring love and faithfulness to His people.
Similarly, Jeremiah (chapters 30-33) provides a narrative where God promises to restore Judah, promising an everlasting covenant and kingdom, despite the nation's repeated sins, idolatry, and violations. Zechariah (chapters 8-14) further reinforces these promises with images of global unity and international worship in Jerusalem. These prophecies collectively paint a picture of a God who is just and merciful, affording His people an opportunity for restoration and renewal.
A Loving God
Reflecting on the future plans for Israel as described in these prophetic texts, one can see God’s character as loving and merciful. The vision of a united world under David's rule, the prophecy of prosperity and the lifting of curses, and the encouragement of global unity and worship all reflect a God who desires justice and restoration. It is these prophecies that affirm God’s enduring love, even in the face of Israel’s failings.
God's ultimate plan, as revealed in the New Testament, is to reunite all nations under His kingdom, with Jerusalem as the central place of worship. This expansive vision of God's rule, prosperity, and reconciliation is not only loving but also just. It shows a God who, despite the failings of His people, remains faithful and merciful, always seeking their restoration.
Conclusion
Understanding God’s character in the Old Testament requires a careful, holistic reading, integrating the insights from the prophets and the ultimate fulfillment in the New Testament. While there is room for empathy and understanding of human limitations, the overall message is one of God’s enduring love, justice, and mercy. By delving into the prophetic texts, we gain a deeper appreciation of God's love and plan for His people.