The Watergate Scandal: Myths, Facts, and Legacy
One of the most significant political scandals in US history, the Watergate scandal is often over-simplified and misconstrued. This article delves into the real facts behind the scandal, including its connection to Vietnam, the anti-Nixon sentiment of the deep state, and the events leading to Nixon's resignation.
The Context and Background
The Watergate scandal was not a simple plot to drive Richard Nixon from office. In reality, it was a complex conspiracy that involved multiple actions and a series of events. Nixon was facing criticism from entrenched power structures in the government who resented his policies and leadership style.
The Facts Behind the Watergate Scandal
1. The Break-In and Immediate Aftermath: On June 17, 1972, five men were arrested while trying to break into the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate complex. Two of these men were former CIA agents, and one had a past association with the Nixon campaign. After their capture, the break-in was attributed to the burglars, but investigators soon began to uncover a web of connections to the Nixon administration.
2. Nixon's Knowledge and Involvement: Initially, Nixon denied any knowledge of the break-in, but evidence later surfaced that suggested he was aware of it. White House tapes revealed that Nixon was involved in planning the counterintelligence activities to hide the break-in and its connection to the campaign. This involvement fueled investigations and calls for impeachment.
3. Cover-Up and Obstruction: The Nixon administration launched an extensive cover-up to conceal their involvement. White House staff, including Staff Secretary G. Gordon Liddy, compiled a list of money to finance the cover-up, including some of the funds initially raised for the break-in. Nixon and his officials actively obstructed investigations, trying to thwart the Watergate investigation.
The Deep State and Nixon's Fall
The Watergate scandal was not just a local criminal act. It is often described as the culmination of a deep-seated antagonism within the government against Nixon and his policies. This deep state, which has roots in the national security apparatus and the budgetary and regulatory agencies, saw Nixon as a threat to their interests. The failed assassination attempt on Alabama Governor George Wallace in 1972, which was later linked to secret services in an attempt to implicate Nixon, further fueled these antagonistic feelings.
Footnote from an Insider: My father's retired Navy friend had a bet with me that Nixon would be accused within a year. When the retired friend inquired about the bet after months, he was told that something was going to come out, but was explicitly warned that it was 'off limits'. This experience ultimately resulted in my loss, as the events of Watergate were not fully publicized at the time. Even after the scandal broke, some details remained hidden.
4. The Decision to Resign: Faced with the likelihood of impeachment and conviction, and dealing with increasingly harsh political pressure, Nixon chose to resign rather than endure the confrontation. His decision paved the way for Gerald Ford to become the next president and provided a lasting impact on the American political landscape.
5. Legacy and Impact: The Watergate scandal reshaped American politics and set new standards for ethical conduct in government. It raised questions about the relationship between the media, the public, and the government's accountability mechanisms. The scandal had long-lasting effects, including the formation of the Independent Counsel Act and the establishment of the Special Counsel position, which are still in use today.
Conclusion
The Watergate scandal was far more than just a conspiracy of a few individuals. It was an embodiment of broader tensions within the American government and society. Understanding the facts and context behind the scandal provides crucial insights into its significance and enduring legacy.