The Unforgettable Journey of the 170 German POWs in Post-WWI Japan

During World War I, 170 German prisoners of war (POWs) were captured and interned in various camps. One of the most notable of these was the Bandō Prisoner-of-War Camp in Japan. While the majority of the POWs were repatriated to Germany after the war in 1919, a unique group of 63 Germans chose to remain in Japan, creating a lasting legacy that continues to influence Japanese music and culture. This fascinating story is often overlooked, both in the international community and within historical records.

Captured and Interned

The German POWs were captured in 1914 and interned in various camps across Japan. Some transferred to Bandō Prisoner-of-War Camp, located in Bando, Hyogo Prefecture. Their lives in the camp were noteworthy for their contributions to Japanese cultural life.

The Bandō Orchestra

During their internment, the prisoners formed an orchestra which performed over a hundred concerts between 1917 and 1920. These performances were not just concerts but significant events that spread the joy and beauty of German classical music across Japan. The orchestra's most significant event took place on June 1, 1918, when they performed Beethoven's Ninth Symphony for the first time in Japan. This performance marked the beginning of the symphony's enduring popularity in the country, with annual performances held at the Naruto Bunka Kaikan on the first Sunday in June.

Choosing to Stay

When the war ended in 1919, most of the German POWs were repatriated to Germany. However, a group of 63 Germans decided to remain in Japan, continuing their musical careers. This decision was not without its challenges, as they had little to return to in a defeated and devastated Germany. These skilled musicians had also learned Japanese, and they even took local wives, integrating themselves into Japanese society.

Life after the Camp

These German POWs continued to perform and serve as cultural ambassadors for Germany. Some even maintained correspondence with their Japanese guards and former students, particularly music students, who helped propagate the legacy of their performances. Despite their significant contributions, the story of the Bandō Prisoner-of-War Camp and the impact of the German POWs on Japanese music remains largely unknown.

Further Exploration

For those interested in learning more about this unique chapter in history, the Bandō Prisoner-of-War Camp provides valuable insights into the lives of these German POWs and their impact on Japanese society. The story of their musical legacy and the concerts they performed continue to be commemorated today.

Further reading and resources can be found through the following links:

Bandō prisoner-of-war camp - Wikipedia The German Prisoners-of-War in Japan 1914-20 by Burdick