The Reason Behind Manned Machine Gun Turrets in Humvees and JLTVs

Humvees and JLTVs, despite their modern designs, often feature manned machine gun turrets instead of remote-controlled ones. This decision, driven by practical concerns and strategic considerations, is rooted in a series of factors such as cost, space optimization, and operational efficiency. Understanding these aspects provides valuable insight into the design philosophy of modern military vehicles.

The Phasing Out of CROWS

Interestingly, the use of unmanned remote-controlled weapon stations (RWS), such as the CROWS, has been increasingly phased out in favor of more conventional solutions. The CROWS system, though innovative and compact, has not been universally adopted due to specific challenges it poses.

CROWS, as detailed by Wikipedia, offers significant advantages in terms of safety and reduced maintenance needs. However, it is worth noting that the CROWS system is being gradually replaced by more versatile and rugged solutions like the Multiple Anti-armor Node Under Turret (MANT), integrated into newer military vehicles such as the Multi-purpose Advanced Tactical Vehicle (MATV).

Cost and Space Constraints

The decision to retain manned machine gun turrets in vehicles like the HMMWV (High Mobility Multi-Wheeled Vehicle) and Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) is largely influenced by practical considerations related to cost and space. Traditional manned turrets offer several advantages that outweigh the benefits of RWS in many scenarios.

M1114 HMMWVs, for instance, are known for their cramped interiors, a challenge exacerbated by the deployment of advanced equipment and ammunition. Adding an entire system for an automatic weapons control would undoubtedly complicate an already confined space. Moreover, the height and weight of the vehicle would increase, which would severely impact its mobility and stealth capabilities.

The manned system is simpler from both an operational and maintenance standpoint. It requires less complex technology, making it more cost-effective in the long run. Automated systems often necessitate additional sensors, cameras, and intricate control mechanisms, which not only increase costs but also demand more sophisticated maintenance and repair.

Manned vs. Remote-Controlled Weapon Systems

Manned Weapon Systems:

Easier to Aim and Operate: Manned systems allow for quicker and more precise engagement, particularly in dynamic and emerging threats. Reduced Operational Costs: Manned systems generally require less replacement parts and maintenance compared to automated ones. Enhanced Crew Morale: Traditional turrets are less intimidating and provide a sense of familiarity and control to the crew.

Remote-Controlled Weapon Systems:

Better for Spacious Vehicles: RWS are advantageous in larger vehicles where there is adequate space to integrate complex systems. Enhanced Mobility and Concealability: RWS can reduce the vehicle's profile, making it more stealthy and easier to maneuver. Improved Situational Awareness: RWS provide a broader field of view and can be extended to safer positions away from the crew.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while remote-controlled weapon systems offer certain advantages, the reliance on manned machine gun turrets in vehicles like the Humvee and JLTV continues to be the preferred solution due to practical advantages in cost, space, and operational efficiency. As military technology continues to evolve, it is likely that we will see a continued balance between these design philosophies, providing the best possible solutions for a diverse range of combat scenarios.

References

Wikipedia. (n.d.). CROWS.

Army News Service. (2022). MATV Highlights.

Arcuri, J. et al. (2013). HMMWV Maintenance Utilization.

Defense News. (2021). JLTV Program.