The Evolution of Dungeons and Dragons: From Chainmail to DD

Dungeons and Dragons (DD) is one of the most influential tabletop role-playing games ever created. However, it didn't always go by its well-known name. Let's delve into its fascinating history and how it transformed from 'Chainmail' to its current form.

The Origins of Chainmail

The initial roots of DD can be traced back to a wargame called Chainmail. This game laid the foundation for all subsequent role-playing games and was developed by Gary Gygax and Don Kaye. Chainmail introduced combat rules for medieval miniatures and even included a fantasy setting for larger-scale battles. While Chainmail was intended as a wargame, it also included elements that would later evolve into RPGs.

The Invention of Braunstein

The story of Chainmail actually began with David Wesley, who created a wargame called Braunstein. Unlike traditional wargames where players controlled armies, Wesley's game allowed them to control individual units, including civilians like bakers and merchants. This unique approach led players to interact more with each other and the referee, eventually transitioning into non-linear scenarios and role-playing elements. This evolution marked the birth of the role-playing aspect of what would become the RPG genre.

From Braunstein to Chainmail

Gary Gygax then developed a ruleset called Chainmail for a medieval wargame, which expanded on Wesley's ideas. Jeff Perren, another developer, created the initial ruleset for this medieval wargame. Gygax further expanded and refined these rules, adding a fantasy component, which he used to create large-scale combat scenarios reminiscent of epic battles like those in The Lord of the Rings. The inclusion of fantasy elements in Chainmail is crucial, as it represents the first step towards what would become DD.

The Birth of Greyhawk and Blackmoor

While DD wasn't called 'DD' at its inception, it did have two important early settings developed by Gary Gygax: Greyhawk and Blackmoor. These imaginary realms served as the first fully realized fantasy worlds within the context of the game. Greyhawk was particularly influential, providing a detailed map and setting that inspired countless players to create their own campaigns. The terms 'Greyhawk' and 'Blackmoor' became synonymous with the early days of DD, and these settings played a significant role in shaping the game's future direction.

The Development of Dungeons and Dragons

David Arneson, a friend of Gary Gygax, created a game based on Braunstein and used the rules from Chainmail to manage combat. When Arneson discovered Gygax, the two worked together to develop DD. This collaboration was pivotal in shaping the game as we know it today. Gygax and Arneson's joint efforts resulted in a game that combined the elements of wargames, rulebooks, and role-playing. The name 'DD' was selected as a shorthand for 'Dungeons and Dragons,' reflecting the dual nature of the game's objectives.

The Birth of a Legend

While Gygax and Arneson are often credited with the creation of DD, their relationship deteriorated after the game's success. Nevertheless, the game's legacy is clear. DD has grown into a global phenomenon, inspiring countless other games and influencing popular culture. The journey from Chainmail to DD is a testament to the game's enduring appeal and the passion of its creators.

Conclusion

The origins of DD lie in a series of wargames and early role-playing elements. From Chainmail to the creation of Greyhawk, Blackmoor, and finally DD itself, the game has evolved through the visionary minds of creators like Gygax and Arneson. The transition from Chainmail to DD is a fascinating story that highlights the evolution of role-playing games and their enduring impact on entertainment and culture.