The Current State of Democracy in Bangladesh: Independence and Its Impact
Since its independence from Pakistan in 1971, Bangladesh has navigated its own path to democracy. While the country has made significant strides in governance and development, the current state of democracy in Bangladesh is in crisis. Understanding how independence has affected the country's democratic framework is crucial to comprehending the ongoing challenges and future prospects.
Independence and the Transition to Democracy
Bangladesh's independence from Pakistan marked a turning point in the nation's history, paving the way for its transition to a democratic system. Unlike Pakistan, where military interventions have repeatedly interrupted democratic processes, Bangladesh has managed to maintain a semblance of civilian governance, with many prime ministers serving full terms.
Comparison with Pakistan
While Pakistan's democratic institutions have been severely hampered by military coups and interventions, Bangladesh has fared better in terms of political continuity. The erosion of democratic norms is more evident in Pakistan, where no prime minister has managed to complete a full term in office. However, this does not mean that Bangladesh's democracy is stable or immune to challenges.
Challenges to Democracy in Bangladesh
Today, the condition of democracy in Bangladesh is in crisis, and the situation is worsening. From educational institutes to government and non-government organizations, the relationship between those who support the ruling party and those who oppose it is starkly evident.
University of Dhaka: A Significant Crisis
The University of Dhaka, often referred to as the birthplace of democratic resistance, is currently experiencing a severe crisis. This crisis was exposed when Vice President of the Dhaka University Central Student Union, Nurul Haque Nur, was assaulted in front of his office at the campus. A case of attempted murder was subsequently launched against him.
Escalating Violence and Repression
The assault is part of a broader trend of violence and repression against student activists and political opponents in Bangladesh. Public university students face severe abuses, such as torture in residential halls under the guise of 'ragging' and 'guest-room culture'. These practices are eroding the spirit of democratic resistance and freedom of expression that have historically been a hallmark of Bangladesh.
Impact on Election Integrity
The ruling party, Bangladesh Awami League (BAL), holds power through a strong muscle-bound administration, as evidenced by the national elections held in 2014 and 2018. These elections demonstrated the limited space for opposition voices and the erosion of democratic norms. This tactic of holding power with muscle rather than popular consent poses a serious threat to the independence of the judiciary and the free will of the people.
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As Bangladesh enters an important phase in its democratic journey, the crisis of democracy is a cause for concern. The police brutality on Left Democratic Alliance protests and the assault on AWAMI League activists during a program in Sylhet in 2019 indicate a shift towards more autocratic tendencies. If these trends continue, the pillars of independence and democracy in Bangladesh are at risk.
Restoring Democracy and Dispelling Autocracy
To address these challenges, it is crucial for citizens to remain vigilant and actively work towards restoring democracy. In 2020, there should be a renewed effort to dispel autocratic tendencies from power quarters. The year 2020 must be the year when autocracy is uprooted and genuine democratic practices are restored.
Conclusion
The story of democracy in Bangladesh is a tale of resilience and struggle. While the country has taken steps towards establishing a democratic framework, the current crisis highlights the urgent need for reforms. By addressing the root causes of violence and repression, and by ensuring free and fair elections, Bangladesh can regain its status as a model of democratic governance.