The Complex Training Practices in Circus Animal Acts: Beyond Reward Systems
Have you ever wondered how circus owners train their animals to perform breathtaking tricks? This article delves into the practices used to train circus animals, highlighting both the reward systems and the more stringent techniques still in use today.
Training Practices in Circus Animals
Yes, indeed, circus owners do train their animals. In the past, these practices often involved harsh tactics that caused the animals to retreat from the trainers. Thankfully, today, more enlightened trainers rely on positive reinforcement methods, such as treat training. Notable pioneers in this field include Gunter Gerble, Williams, and Sigfreid and Roy. These trainers have significantly improved the welfare of circus animals through their more humane training techniques.
Understanding the Roles of Circus Owners and Trainers
The roles and responsibilities of circus owners and trainers are often misunderstood. Typically, a circus owner is primarily responsible for promoting the multifaceted shows. Each act, whether involving ponies, horses, or even bears riding bicycles, has its own owner-trainer. This system ensures that each act receives the appropriate care and training based on the specific needs of the animals involved.
Training Domesticated vs. Wild Animals
Domesticated animals are much easier to train due to their previous exposure to human handlers and their better predisposition to learn and perform tasks. They can be rewarded for good behavior and for performing as they have been taught. The training process involves conditioning and reinforcement, making it easier to shape the desired behaviors.
Wild animals, on the other hand, present a different and more challenging training scenario. Their training is frequently associated with cruel and abusive tactics due to the lack of a clear reward system. Unlike domesticated animals, wild animals do not have a clear understanding of the concept of performing for rewards. They might continue to try and get more due to the absence of immediate rewards, not fully understanding the behavior required. This is a significant reason why the reward system is not widely used.
Trainers must instill a sense of dominance over wild animals and avoid showing any fear. Weakness, even though seemingly minor, can lead to attacks from wild animals that have been obedient for years. This was highlighted in a famous incident involving a tiger in a Las Vegas show, where the tiger suddenly 'went crazy.' However, it was later noted that the tiger was simply reverting to its natural instincts, which might have been masked by years of training.
No Training Necessary, Apparently!
Contrary to popular belief, many circus performers might not always need to train their animals. Observations in the wild reveal instances where animals naturally perform certain tricks. For example, elephants balancing on balls, tigers jumping through hoops, and horses walking in formation with their front hooves on the hips of the ones in front. These behaviors are not the result of rigorous training but rather the natural inclination of the animals to display certain abilities.
This natural behavior is a testament to the innate skills and abilities of these animals. Circus owners and trainers might observe these behaviors in the wild and then use them as part of their shows, highlighting the unique talents of the animals without the need for extensive training.
Understanding the different training practices in circus animal acts is crucial for evaluating the welfare of these animals and the entertainment they provide. It is also important for promoting more humane and ethical practices in the industry, ensuring that both the animals and the audiences can enjoy the shows with peace of mind.