Introduction

The ability to run multiple computers from a single CPU has long been a sought-after feature in technology and computing. This concept finds application in various scenarios, from cloud services to local setups, where maximizing resource utilization and maintaining efficiency are crucial.

Virtual Machines (VMs)

What Is Virtualization?
Virtualization allows multiple virtual machines (VMs) to run on a single physical server, each with its own operating system and applications. It effectively creates a layer between the hardware and the software, making it possible for multiple virtual computers to coexist on a single physical host.

Requirements
To run VMs, your hardware must support virtualization, which is available on most modern CPUs. Additionally, you will need virtualization software like VMware VirtualBox, Microsoft Hyper-V, or other similar tools.

Setup
1. Connect two monitors, keyboards, and mice to the host computer.

2. Use software like Synergy or Barrier to enable seamless interaction between the users and the VMs.

This approach allows both users to work simultaneously on their respective VMs, making it a flexible solution for collaborative environments.

KVM Switch

What Is a KVM Switch?
A KVM (Keyboard, Video, and Mouse) switch is a hardware device that allows multiple computers to be controlled with a single set of peripherals. It provides a simple and efficient way to switch between multiple computers using a button or keyboard shortcut.

Requirements
For the KVM switch, you will need two separate physical computers that can be controlled with the same set of input devices (keyboard, mouse, and monitors).

Setup
1. Connect both computers to the KVM switch.

2. Use the switch to quickly jump between the two computers, offering a seamless user experience.

While this method doesn't provide the full capability of independent systems, it is an excellent choice for situations where multiple users need access to different computers but don't require simultaneous use.

Remote Desktop Solutions

What Are Remote Desktop Solutions?
Remote desktop solutions allow users to access a powerful compute server or workstation from another device, such as a laptop or a mobile phone, over a network. This is particularly useful in scenarios where a single powerful computer is used as the central resource for multiple users.

Requirements
Good network connectivity and relevant software such as Microsoft Remote Desktop, TeamViewer, or AnyDesk are essential.

Setup
1. One user can directly use the main computer, while the other user gains remote access via the software.

This approach is ideal for scenarios where users need to perform tasks but do not necessarily need to use the computer simultaneously. It is particularly useful for remote work or shared resources.

Multipoint Operating Systems

What Are Multi-User Operating Systems?
Certain operating systems, like specific Linux distributions, support multiple users on the same machine with distinct sessions. This means that each user can have their own login session with full control over applications and resources.

Requirements
Knowledge of Linux and the ability to configure user sessions is necessary. For example, in Linux, you can create separate user accounts and sessions for each user.

Setup
1. Each user can log in and use their own session without disturbing the others.

This method is particularly useful in collaborative environments, such as academic settings or small offices, where multiple users need independent access to the same machine.

Conclusion

While it is not feasible to run two independent computers off a single CPU directly, the use of virtual machines, KVM switches, remote desktop solutions, and multi-user operating systems can provide effective workarounds for collaborative environments. Each of these solutions offers unique advantages and limitations, making them suitable for different use cases.